Articles & Perspectives

Frameworks, insights, and strategies from the consulting world

Industry & History

Do 70% of change initiatives really fail?

Tracing the most-cited statistic in change management back to its source. The number has no empirical origin, but the real data tells a more interesting story.

Frameworks

Duck's change curve: the emotional side of organizational change

A guide to Jeanie Daniel Duck's change curve from BCG, the five stages of organizational transformation, and why most change efforts die in stage four.

Frameworks

Blue ocean strategy: how to use the strategy canvas to find uncontested markets

How Blue Ocean Strategy works, with the strategy canvas and four actions framework explained through Cirque du Soleil, yellow tail wine, and Southwest Airlines.

Frameworks

Value chain analysis: how to break a company into its real sources of advantage

How Porter's value chain disaggregates a company into activities that create value, with real examples from IKEA, Walmart, and the PC industry.

Frameworks

The McKinsey 7S framework: why organizational alignment matters more than strategy

A practical guide to the McKinsey 7S framework: its origin at McKinsey, real examples of organizational alignment, and where the model breaks down.

Career

How to become a strategy consultant (with or without an MBA)

A practical guide to building real strategy consulting skills, including structured thinking, problem solving, and communication, whether or not you work at a firm.

Industry & History

Why Clayton Christensen was wrong about the disruption of consulting

In 2013, Clayton Christensen predicted consulting would be disrupted like steel and publishing. More than a decade later, McKinsey, BCG, and Bain are bigger than ever. Here's what his framework missed.

Frameworks

Industry analysis frameworks: how consultants evaluate markets and competition

The industry analysis frameworks consultants actually use on engagements: Porter's Five Forces, PESTEL, value chain analysis, and strategic group mapping.

Frameworks

Market entry framework: how consultants evaluate new markets

How strategy consultants at McKinsey, BCG, and Bain actually evaluate whether a company should enter a new market. Covers market attractiveness, competitive position, entry mode, and the common mistakes.

FrameworksConsulting

Case interview frameworks: the complete guide

Every case interview framework worth knowing, from profitability trees to Porter's Five Forces. How to actually use frameworks in consulting interviews instead of just memorizing them.

Industry & HistoryCareer

What strategy consultants actually earn in 2026

Real compensation data from 795 strategy consultants across McKinsey, BCG, Bain, and 10 other firms, from entry-level analyst to partner.

Frameworks

SWOT analysis: why it's everywhere, and how to make it actually useful

SWOT analysis is the most widely used strategy framework in the world. Most people use it badly. Here's how to make it produce real strategic insight.

Frameworks

The OODA Loop: a practical guide to Boyd's decision-making framework

How John Boyd's OODA Loop actually works, where it came from, and how companies like Zara and Amazon apply its principles to make faster, better decisions.

Frameworks

The Ansoff matrix: a practical guide for growth strategy

How to use the Ansoff matrix to evaluate growth strategies by risk, with real examples from Amazon, Quaker-Snapple, and Starbucks.

Frameworks

The BCG growth-share matrix: a practical guide for portfolio strategy

The real origin story of the BCG matrix, from a Monday morning conversation to the million-dollar slide, with practical guidance and real examples.

Industry & History

Marvin Bower: the man who built McKinsey into a profession

How a Cleveland lawyer turned a small accounting firm into the world's most powerful consultancy. Bower's career, principles, and contradictions.

Industry & History

Michael Porter: the academic who rewired how business thinks about competition

The career of Michael Porter, from aerospace engineering to five forces to healthcare reform, and what his work actually changed about strategy.

Frameworks

Porter's five forces: a practical guide for actually using the framework

How to use Porter's Five Forces to analyze any industry, with real examples from airlines, heavy trucks, and cement, plus data on why industry structure drives profitability.

Book ReviewsPyramid Principle

The Pyramid Principle: Book Summary & Review (Part 3: Logic in Problem Solving)

Part 3 of the Pyramid Principle book review covers how to define problems clearly, structure your analysis, and use logic trees and diagnostic frameworks.

Presentations

The 14 Slide Layouts That Consulting Firms Use for Everything

Every consulting slide you've ever seen is a variation of one of these fourteen layouts. Learn the anatomy of each one so you can build decks faster and communicate more clearly.

Presentations

Think Before You Chart: Why McKinsey Bans Pie Charts

A practical guide to choosing the right data visualization — and why the chart you pick changes the story your data tells.

Problem Solving

Obsessing On Process & Meta-Process: The Secret of High-Performing Consulting Firms

High-performing consulting firms don't just follow a process, they obsess over the meta-process. Three elements that separate great firms from the rest.

MECE

Ten Business MECE Examples

Ten MECE breakdown examples across revenue streams, cost structures, marketing channels, and more -- each with analysis of what works and how to improve it.

Career

What Consultants Actually Do?

A detailed breakdown of what consultants actually do day-to-day, from diagnosing problems and building slide decks to running client workshops.

Presentations

Five Steps to Make a Presentation Using Strategy Consulting Principles

A five-step process for building consulting-style presentations using SCQA, the Pyramid Principle, ghost decks, and action titles. Includes examples.

Industry & History

The Strategy Consulting Industry: Firms, Trends & Compensation (2025)

2025 strategy consulting industry overview with MBB compensation data, firm sizes, global footprints, career paths, and emerging trends in AI and ESG.

Pyramid Principle

Use The Pyramid Principle To Communicate Like A CEO

A practical walkthrough of the Pyramid Principle with examples showing how to structure ideas bottom-up and communicate them top-down like a CEO.

MECE

Mini-Course Lesson 2: Using MECE in Your Work

A practical introduction to MECE (Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive) with clear examples showing how consultants use it to simplify complex ideas.

Industry & History

10+ Types of Consulting Firms: Strategy, Technology, Financial, and More

Every type of consulting explained with market sizes, example firms, and what each one actually does. From McKinsey-style strategy to Accenture-style technology and Big 4 advisory.

Problem Solving

The Seven Traits of Highly Effective Consulting Problem Solvers

The seven traits that separate great consulting problem solvers from the rest, from curiosity and systems thinking to a bias for action.

Team Culture

How To Build A Culture Of Excellence In A Consulting Firm

Excellence in consulting isn't declared, it's built. Three principles from McKinsey and top firms: top-management mindset, process obsession, and standards.

McKinseyTeam Culture

How To Give Feedback Like A McKinsey Consultant

A 5-step feedback process from McKinsey that replaces the tired feedback sandwich with timely, specific coaching that actually drives improvement.

Frameworks

Five Powerful Consulting Frameworks: MECE, 7S, Porter's Five Forces, BCG Growth-Share & Ansoff

A practical breakdown of five consulting frameworks used on the job: MECE, McKinsey 7S, Porter's Five Forces, BCG Matrix, and Ansoff Matrix.

McKinseyCareer

How To Beat The McKinsey Solve Game

A breakdown of the McKinsey Solve Game mini-games including Ecosystem Building and Redrock Study, with five actionable tips to boost your score.

MECE

MECE: Real-World Examples (Practicing Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive)

Four real-world MECE examples in marketing, product management, and finance showing how to apply Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive thinking at work.

Problem Solving

How Top-Tier Consultants at McKinsey, Bain, and BCG Really Solve Problems

An insider breakdown of how McKinsey, BCG, and Bain actually solve problems -- why it is not linear, and how the top-down/bottom-up process really works.

Career

Do consulting case interviews actually work? What the research says

Case interviews don't predict consulting job performance, according to research. A former McKinsey consultant on what's wrong with the process and what would work better.

Industry & History

The Cliches of Consulting vs The Reality

Breaking down common consulting stereotypes, from layoffs and scapegoating to the stealing-your-watch cliche, and what actually happens on engagements.

Freelancing

The Ultimate Guide To Becoming A Freelance Consultant: 25 Things I've Learned

A 25-step playbook for becoming a freelance strategy consultant, covering mindset shifts, business setup, finding clients, and pricing your work.

Industry & History

Eight common challenges of boutique consulting firms

Eight patterns that hold back boutique consulting firms, from founder dependency to weak training culture. Based on working with 10+ small firms.

Problem Solving

The Ultimate Guide To “Scoping”: How Consultants Define Problems and Shape 

How consultants scope projects by finding the real problem, writing it down, managing scope creep, and keeping the client aligned throughout.

Problem Solving

Getting to the so what: the most important question in consulting

Why asking so what is the most important habit in consulting and knowledge work, and how it turns raw analysis into actionable client insights.

Presentations

Consulting pitfalls: how to avoid book report thinking

Why most business presentations bury the lead. A former McKinsey consultant explains how to start with the answer and avoid book report thinking.

McKinseyAI

Why McKinsey Will Win In The Age of AI

An insider look at McKinsey's AI tool Lilli and why its decades-long investment in knowledge management gives it a massive edge over smaller consulting firms.

AIProblem Solving

How I'd Use AI Tools (If I Still Worked In Consulting)

Practical ways consultants can use AI tools like ChatGPT to generate ideas, simplify writing, and role-play client scenarios for better meeting prep.

Book ReviewsPyramid Principle

The Pyramid Principle: Book Summary & Review (Part 2: Logic In Thinking)

Part 2 of the Pyramid Principle book review covers logical ordering, avoiding intellectually blank assertions, and completing your thinking.

Book ReviewsPyramid Principle

The Pyramid Principle: Book Summary & Review (Part 1: Logic In Writing)

An in-depth review of Barbara Minto's Pyramid Principle covering logic in writing, SCQA, deductive vs. inductive reasoning, and practical tips.

Frameworks

Famous Consulting Frameworks: The Rule of Three and Four - Bruce Henderson (1976)

Bruce Henderson's Rule of Three and Four explained with modern examples from beer, digital ads, and laptops, plus how to use consulting frameworks.

CareerIndustry & History

Consulting roles explained: analyst to partner at McKinsey, BCG, and Bain

Side-by-side comparison of every consulting role, title, salary, and promotion timeline at MBB firms, from entry-level analyst to senior partner.

Frameworks

The Experience Curve: BCG's Framework That Changed Corporate Strategy

How BCG's experience curve connects cumulative production to falling costs, why it dominated corporate strategy for decades, and where it breaks down.

FrameworksPresentations

How to build your own consulting frameworks

Three ways consultants use frameworks to simplify analysis, share takeaways, and tell compelling stories -- plus how to build your own from scratch.

Frameworks

Understanding Corporate Strategy: How To Think Like A CEO

A four-step process to develop your own strategic perspective at work, with a real Pepsi strategy example showing how CEOs think about corporate strategy.

Freelancing

The Art of Freelance Consulting - Five Secrets From A Former Mckinsey Consultant

Five hard-won freelance consulting lessons on commitment, naming, pricing models, client materials, and deliverables from a former McKinsey consultant.

MECEProblem Solving

Issue Trees - What Are They and How Do You Use Them?

How to build an issue tree that breaks complex business problems into MECE components, with profitability examples and templates you can apply at your company.

Problem Solving

The Magic Of Critical Thinking: How To Make Better Decisions

What critical thinking actually means and how to practice it. Includes examples from consulting, investing, and real-world decision-making frameworks.

McKinseyIndustry & History

John Legend Made Slides? What Famous Alums Learned In Consulting

What John Legend, Indra Nooyi, Pete Buttigieg, and other famous alumni of McKinsey, BCG, and Bain say they took away from strategy consulting.

Presentations

How people lie with charts & data​: an example from Fortune 500 CEOs

Five ways the same Fortune 500 CEO dataset can be charted to tell completely different stories -- and how to spot data manipulation in presentations.

Industry & History

A Brief History of Strategy Consulting: 100 years from Frederick Taylor to the “Next New Normal”

The history of strategy consulting in 11 chapters, from Frederick Taylor's scientific management to the rise of McKinsey, BCG, and Bain.

Problem Solving

The Top Five Skills Of Elite Strategy Consultants

The five skills that separate elite strategy consultants from average ones: epistemic humility, comfort with uncertainty, synthesis, writing, and creativity.

Presentations

Redesigning Softbank's WeWork Deck

A slide-by-slide redesign of Softbank's infamous WeWork deck, applying consulting presentation principles like clear titles and honest messaging.

MECE

MECE Examples: Social Media: How To Be Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive

A step-by-step MECE walkthrough using social media platforms -- iterating from a rough list to a truly mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive grouping.

Team Culture

The Three Elements Of Great Teams I Learned From My Time In Consulting

Psychological safety, non-hierarchical attitudes, and iterative feedback -- the three elements that make consulting teams at McKinsey so effective.

Pyramid PrincipleProblem Solving

How SCQA and the Pyramid Principle Fit Into The Strategy Consulting Process

A step-by-step walkthrough of the five-stage consulting process showing when to use SCQA for problem definition and the Pyramid Principle for communication.

Presentations

The Rule of Three: Why Do Consultants Always Communicate In Threes?

Why consultants organize everything into groups of three. How the rule of three simplifies complex thinking and makes business communication memorable.

McKinseyIndustry & History

What's the difference between McKinsey and Boston Consulting Group?

An honest comparison of McKinsey vs BCG from someone who worked at both -- covering culture, values, knowledge networks, analytical focus, and alumni treatment.

MECE

The MECE Framework Explained: What Mutually Exclusive, Collectively Exhaustive Really Means

MECE (mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive) is how McKinsey consultants structure every problem. Learn the framework with clear examples you can apply to your own work.

Frameworks

SCQA - A Framework For Defining Problems & Hypotheses

SCQA - A Framework For Defining Problems & Hypotheses

McKinseyCareer

Can I Get A Job At McKinsey From A Non-Target School?

A UConn grad who landed a McKinsey offer shares what non-target school students actually need to do to break into top consulting firms.

Presentations

20 Secrets From Strategy Consulting & Persuasion Science To Create Memorable Presentations

20 presentation tips from a former McKinsey consultant, combining strategy consulting techniques with persuasion science to make your slides memorable.

Problem Solving

The Consulting Process: Rabbit Holes & Sensemaking

How the consulting problem-solving process works in practice: iterating between bottom-up research and top-down hypothesis testing to find the answer.

Pyramid Principle

Pyramid Principle Part 2: Communicate Top-Down

How to use the Pyramid Principle to communicate top-down, with a memo-writing method and guidance on when to use direct vs. indirect storytelling.

Pyramid Principle

Structure Your Ideas: Pyramid Principle Part 1

A step-by-step guide to bottom-up synthesis using the Pyramid Principle and MECE, with a business example of grouping data into structured insights.

Presentations

Persuasive PowerPoint Storytelling: The Three Principles Of Flow

The three flow principles McKinsey uses for PowerPoint storytelling: vertical flow within slides, horizontal flow across titles, and overall story structure.

Team Culture

Mindset Shifts: Embrace a learning mindset & beware “modishness”

“Why the consulting mindset requires both a relentless drive to improve and the discipline to avoid copying best practices blindly -- and how to build both.”

Problem Solving

Consulting mindset: shifting from the "what" to the "how"

The biggest mindset shift for new consultants: stop waiting for instructions and start mastering the structured problem-solving process instead.

McKinseyProblem Solving

McKinsey Problem Solving: Six steps to solve any problem and tell a persuasive story

Six steps from McKinsey's structured problem-solving process -- from defining the real problem to building MECE arguments and persuasive consulting slides.

McKinseyTeam Culture

Decoding McKinsey's Culture of High-Performance: Building A Lasting Firm

What makes McKinsey's culture work, from a former insider. Three pillars that drive high-performance: people development, values, and long-term focus.

McKinseyCareer

Getting rejected and then landing my dream job at McKinsey & Company

After 100+ consulting rejections from a non-target school, one candidate landed a McKinsey offer. Six lessons from the experience that shaped his career.